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After spending the first half of the day at Angkor Wat, we head to Angkor Thom, the ancient capital city of the Khmer Empire, about 10 km from Angkor Wat. Like Angkor Wat, Angkor Thom also falls under the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Angkor Archaeological Park. Built in the 12th century by King Jayavarman VII, Angkor Thom was the capital city of the mighty Khmer kingdom and served as the political and religious centre. Click on the link below to see the beautiful Angkor Thom come alive https://youtu.be/6JTOh5p8Tsk Spread over an area of 9 square kilometres, Angkor Thom is designed like a Mandala , or a diagram of the universe, so to speak. As in the case of Angkor Wat, a moat and a wall surround the city with ornate gates (as shown in the video above). Ornate balustrade along the South gate of Angkor Thom Plan your time at Angkor Thom... The ancient city of Angkor Thom offers many intriguing architectural marvels, including the famous Bayon Temple, which lies in the heart of Angkor Thom. So, one can enter the city through five causeways that lead to gates, located in the four cardinal directions. The best way to enter the city is through the South Gate, also called Tonle Om Gate. This is one of the best preserved gates of Angkor Thom and also the most sought after by tourists, owing to its stunning causeway that has 54 stone busts of Gods ( Devatas ) on one side and 54 stone busts of demons ( Asuras ) on the other. This beautiful causeway is a must-see attraction (as shown above in the photo). The East Gate, also called the Death Gate, does not lead to the Bayon Temple. We learnt from our guide that it earned this infamous name because it was primarily used to ferry convicts who were to be executed. You will need the Angkor Temple Pass to enter this area. If you have a one-day pass, then you will have just enough time to see the Bayon Temple only, although there are many other temples like the Terrace of the Leper King and the Terrace of the Elephants, very close to the Bayon Temple. If you wish to see all these temples, then you should plan to buy the 2-day or 3-day pass. Remember, there are 72 temples in the Angkor Archaeological Park, so it's a good idea to be sure which ones you wish to see. If you have time on hand to see more temples in Angkor Thom, then you should plan to see the Phimeanakas Temple, very close to the Bayon Temple. Here, you will be able to see the ruins of the ancient royal palace, although the only surviving parts of the palace are the laterite walls and the royal ponds. As I've mentioned above, Angkor Thom lies at a distance of about 10 km from Angkor Wat, and you could hire a tuk-tuk or a cab to move around. We spent about an hour and a half at the Bayon Temple and then drove to the stunning Ta Prohm Temple. Keep following this space for more travel stories on Cambodia!

Located in the centre of the ancient city of Angkor Thom, Bayon Temple, popularly known as the temple with the giant stone faces, is one of the most intriguing temples in the Angkor Archaeological Park. The temple looked like a huge pile of ruins to me when I looked at it from the entrance, but as I walked up the stone steps to reach the mammoth plinth on which it is built, the temple seemed to come alive! 54 stone towers, adorned with 216 giant smiling stone faces, jut high into the sky from all sides of the temple, and as I look up at them, they hold me in a trance. These kind, benevolent faces seem to follow us wherever we go. Little wonder, then, these faces are nicknamed the 'Mona Lisa of Southeast Asia'. See these glorious stone faces come alive by clicking on the link below https://www.youtube.com/shorts/ebrcNKDjkGg A lot of theories are associated with these giant visages; a common belief is that these faces represent Avalokiteshvara , an earthly manifestation of the Lord Buddha, believed to embody compassion for the world. Another explanation for these gargantuan faces is that they are look-alikes of King Jayavarman VII himself, who, as the protector of his people, smiles benevolently upon his empire. I found both these explanations quite plausible, the earlier because the Bayon Temple was originally built as a Buddhist temple and the latter, because the Khmer Empire had 54 provinces at the time, and each of these massive towers symbolically stood as watchtowers with the face of their king engraved on them. Walk up the steps to reach the mammoth plinth on which the temple structure stands The temple is divided into 3 levels. Level one is the outer facade, stunning, intricate depictions of Cambodians' everyday lives will greet you at the entrance to the temple. Bas-reliefs of celestial dancers, Apsaras and accomplished female yoga gurus, Yoginis, guard the gates leading into the temple. Figure of a Yogini guarding the entrance to the temple A small wooden staircase will take you to the second level. The orante bas-reliefs depict mythological scenes from Hinduism, scenes from the life of Lord Krishna and a small shrine dedicated to Lord Shiva. The narrow passages lead you through a maze of intertwining corridors and alleyways that lend a feeling of mystique to this temple. On the third and highest level, also called Upper Terrace, you can see the central tower and the faces up close. What you need to know before you visit the Bayon Temple Bayon Temple lies in the centre of Angkor Thom. Entry to the temple is included in the Angkor Day Pass. You should keep aside at least an hour to see it. The temple faces east, so the best time to visit is at sunrise when the sun's rays fall directly on the stone faces. The best entrance to the temple is also from the East Gate. You don't need to walk much to reach the temple since you can drive up quite close to the temple in the parking lot. However, once inside, you will have to navigate through many staircases and vestibules to see the inner galleries adorned with stunning bas-reliefs. If you wish to see the giant faces closely, then you must climb up to the third and highest level, also called Upper Terrace, of the temple. This calls for a special mention here because most people come to this temple completely exhausted after having spent the entire first half of the day at Angkor Wat. Bayon Temple is as enchanting as its illustrious neighbour, the famous Angkor Wat. Plan to spend a leisurely hour or so at the temple, and the smiling human faces carved out of stone will come alive under your gaze.

If you've seen the Hollywood movie Tomb Raider, you're likely familiar with Ta Prohm Temple, because this rustic temple served as the filming location for the 2001 Angelina Jolie film. However, this is not the only reason why this temple should be on your must-see list. The hauntingly beautiful ruins of Ta Prohm Temple have many a tale entwined in the thick roots and branches of its ancient trees that seem adamant on swallowing the old stone structures of the temple. But the resilient structures that have withstood this onslaught by nature with panache are what make this temple stand out among its many counterparts. This is the first view you get as you step inside the temple complex... Ta Prohm was originally built as a Buddhist monastery in the early 12th century by King Jayavarman VII, dedicated to his mother. Stunning bas-reliefs, stone carvings depicting ancient legends and mythological figures, adorn the hallways of this temple. For me, the most intriguing part of the temple was the hallways that open into a symmetrical courtyard inside the temple, and then this courtyard will lead into another narrow corridor that in turn will lead to another courtyard. This amazing labyrinth of corridors cloaked in the heavy roots of overgrown silk-cotton and ficus trees creates a striking visual that has to be seen to be believed! Is it the tree that supports the temple's structure, or is it the other way around? Some things to know before you visit Ta Prohm Ta Prohm Temple, despite its mesmerising beauty, is a structure in need of extensive renovation. Interestingly, the conservation and restoration work is being done in a partnership project between the Archaeological Survey of India and the APSARA National Authority of Cambodia in cooperation with UNESCO. Ta Prohm is about 8 km from Angkor Wat. There is a free parking slot across the road from the temple. Entry to the temple is included in your Angkor Day Pass. The same rules for appropriate modest dress as in all the other temples of Angkor Archaeological Park also apply here. You must keep aside at least 1 to 2 hours to see this beautiful temple, and remember that a lot of walking is involved in the temple, from the parking to reach the temple and then within the temple over rugged stone paths, overgrown tree roots, rickety stone steps and rocks that have fallen off the stone walls of the temple. Check out this stunning temple by clicking on my YouTube link https://youtu.be/SE-IqJoggPc

There's a reason why Banteay Srei is called the jewel in the crown of Angkorian art; the intricacy of its stone carvings will astound you. We learnt from our local guide that this temple is also known as the 'Citadel of the Women', the reason attributed to this nickname is that the delicate ornamentation on each of its stone walls could only be the work of dainty female hands. Also, the temple is small, rendering it an air of femininity. This beautiful 10th-century CE temple is dedicated to the Hindu Gods Shiva and Parvati. The entire temple is made of intricately carved stones with a pink hue, rendering the temple a delicate pinkish colour that makes it look heavenly in the evening light. h Each stone is carved with jaw-dropping precision!! Here are a few tips that may come in handy during your visit to the Banteay Srei Temple... Banteay Srei lies in the Angkor area, 25 km from the main group of temples. You will need a cab or a tuk-tuk to reach it. Entry to the temple is included in the Angkor Day Pass. If you wish to see this temple, then you may extend your day's itinerary by 2 hours. Buying a separate ticket for 37 USD for another day is not a great idea, considering that you need only two extra hours. The road leading to the temple is nice and paved, and it will take you through interesting neighbourhoods of Siem Reap with shops and houses lining both sides of the road. I find these road journeys very intriguing because, as a tourist, one gets to see the everyday lives of the local people up close. So, you should sit back and enjoy the ride. The temple is surrounded by beautiful green patches and thick trees, where you can relax and take in the surroundings if you wish. There is also a small local market before the entrance to the temple, where you will find interesting souvenirs and eateries. En route to Banteay Srei from Angkor Wat is another beautiful temple called Pre Rup Temple. This temple is a bit underrated, although I found it very appealing. I have written more about this temple in my blog on Siem Reap Banteay Srei is much smaller compared to the other temples of the Angkor area, but you should keep aside one hour to see it and fully appreciate its master craftsmanship. The temple is entirely in the open with no shade anywhere, so carry water, sunshades, an umbrella or whatever you think is necessary. A very important thing to remember is that Banteay Srei lies a little away from the main group of temples, so most cab drivers and local guides will charge extra to cover it in your itinerary. You should decide on that extra amount beforehand to avoid any misunderstanding later. To sum up, I'd say that spending extra time and money on visiting the beautiful Banteay Srei Temple is worth it. While Angkor Wat commands attention owing to its architecture and massive size, Banteay Srei wins hands down with the intricacy of its architecture.

This mesmerising Apsara Dance is Cambodian dance storytelling in its most aesthetic form, and witnessing it at the Royal Theatre Restaurant in Siem Reap was one of the highlights of our trip to Cambodia. The performers, draped elegantly in rich traditional ivory-coloured ensembles accessorised with heavy gold jewellery, embody the attributes of the celestial heavenly beauties, Apsaras, that they portray. There is a quiet energy in the dance that is derived from the sheer grace of the slow, fluid hand gestures, called Mudras , of the performers as they make sensual, deft movements, swaying delicately to the beat of lilting music in the background. Our experience of watching the Apsara Dance at the Royal Theatre Restaurant Apsara Dance is accompanied by a lavish dinner at the Royal Theatre Restaurant in Siem Reap. You can, of course, choose to see only the show minus the dining option. We had read some great reviews about the Royal Theatre Restaurant and the dinner they serve, so we opted for it. The evening starts with energetic folk dances of various regions of Cambodia. The performances are colourful and they celebrate Cambodian culture. Dinner is served simultaneously, and the lavish spread, the warmth of the staff on duty, enhances the entire experience of watching the show. There are various cuisines, each more delicious than the other, with a separate counter for vegetarians too. Towards the end of the show is the mesmerising Apsara Dance. By the time this performance starts, dinner is almost done. And if you're midway through your meal, believe me, you'll be too stunned to eat, and you wouldn't want to blink your eyes lest you miss something. Yeah, that's right. I saw many people standing with full plates in their hands, transfixed and unable to take their eyes off the slow, sensual dance movements of the dancers. I, too, made a video of the performance, but it does not do justice to the magic these women create on stage. There is a group photo with the dancers at the end of the show, I wasn't going to miss it, for sure! That's Apsara Dance for you. The performance takes place at 4 or 5 venues in Siem Reap and Phnom Penh, too. So, don't miss it on your Cambodia trip, you'll remember it for a long time to come.

Located about 60 km from Siem Reap is Kulen National Park, a protected area spread over 37,000 hectares in Cambodia, popular for its natural beauty and cultural significance. A few things to remember before you visit Kulen Spare at least 4 to 5 hours for your visit to the park. The approach road to the national park from Siem Reap goes through scenic hilly terrain and countryside. You will see many tourists stopping en route to take pictures of the scenery around. So, don't rush it. Entry to the park and its attractions for Cambodian nationals is free. However, foreign nationals have to buy a ticket for USD 20.00. The park has two glorious waterfalls, a small one that flows into the big one over a hill. There is a wee bit rickety stairway that leads to the big waterfall, but the trek is very short and doable. The view of the waterfall you get at the end of this trek would be well worth your effort. The national park has three main attractions, which I have discussed in detail below. Just remember to keep the waterfall section towards the end of your day. After walking around the park in the sweltering heat, a dip in the cool pool of these waterfalls will feel heavenly. You will see most tourists opting to take the plunge. There is a changing facility close to the waterfall, nothing fancy, but extremely useful, run by locals. For a nominal amount, you can store your clothes and valuables and even hire t-shirts and swimwear. There are three main attractions inside the park 1000 Lingas at the Kbal Spean River Also known as the River of 1000 Lingas , the Kbal Spean River has 1000 intricately carved stone lingas. Lingas refer to the phallic symbol representing the Hindu God Shiva. As per local belief, these lingas symbolise divine energy, and as the water of the river flows over them, it becomes sanctified. This water is used to irrigate the paddy fields around the park. You could start your day at the park from here. There is a parking facility very close to the river; you will have to walk a few steps to reach the river site. Preah Ang Thom This is a sacred Buddhist shrine frequented by the local people and tourists alike. The shrine can be reached through a broad staircase where a huge idol of Buddha in a reclining pose will greet you. Phnom Kulen Waterfall There are two waterfalls, as I've mentioned earlier. Both are equally stunning, with gushing cool water that collects in inviting pools. We had not planned on getting into the water, but after having spent half a day under the scorching sun, this was too good a prospect to miss. This here is Kulen National Park for you, where you can spend a day amidst lush green surroundings and a waterfall as the icing on the cake!

Think circus, you think of acrobats and trapeze artists swinging from one end of the rope to another and trained lions and tigers doing their masters' bidding and so on. But Phare is different; no conventional circus stunts yet its simple and endearing performances are fun to watch. Added to it is the knowledge that all this is being done for a good cause. About Phare and the good cause Cambodia has a long history of civil war and the trauma it caused under the Khmer Rouge regime, leaving the country and its people in complete disarray. In a bid to help out other young people, nine teenage refugees who had received art therapy in refugee camps founded the Phare Ponleu Selpak Association in 1994. This non-profit arts and circus school supports the community through art and social support programs and offers free education to children who are in dire need of it. In March 2021, Phare Circus won the Guinness World Record for the longest circus performance lasting 24 hours, 10 minutes and 30 seconds ...phew! This was a fundraising effort during the COVID pandemic to raise awareness about the NGO. About Phare Circus As I've mentioned earlier, this is not a conventional circus, but what you get is a heady mix of humour, acrobatics, storytelling, comedy and energetic live music. Most of the performers are quite young, and their raw energy during this one-hour-long performance is infectious. A few things to know about Phare There is only one daily show of one hour at 8:00 pm. It's best to buy tickets beforehand online from the official website of the circus https://pharecircus.org/ or third-party vendors like GetYourGuide.com to ensure that you can catch the show on the day of your choice. I saw many buses full of tourists arriving at the venue. Seating is done section wise. There are 3 Sections A, B and C, with tickets starting from USD 18.00. Section A is the premium one. In my opinion, you can buy tickets for any section, whichever is available, and you will get a clear view from every angle because the venue is small and compact. The only advantage of sitting right in the front could be that the performers engage with the audience, at times, which can be fun. One could plan to reach the venue a bit early; there is a cafeteria that serves drinks and snacks (paid, of course!). To keep the people who are waiting for the show occupied, a casual song and dance performance takes place every evening on a small stage outside. There's also a nice souvenir shop at the entrance where you can buy some fun merchandise. Overall, Phare is a great experience, a pleasant evening that celebrates Cambodian culture and the warmth and resilience of its people.

Phnom Penh, the capital of Cambodia, offers an eclectic mix of Khmer culture, French colonial architecture and a deep dive into the gruesome past of Cambodia's Khmer Rouge regime. Before I discuss the Top Ten attractions in Phnom Penh, the Cambodian Capital, I'd like to give a few tips to fellow travellers. The easiest way to travel from Siem Reap to Phnom Penh is by road. If you hire a cab, you'll have to pay USD 95.00 for a 6-hour ride. Public transport, like a bus, will cost only USD 8.00 for a one-way trip. Phnom Penh is crowded, and at times, it can be chaotic. When planning to visit various sites, allow extra time to avoid traffic. Owing to massive traffic, Phnom Penh is also quite polluted. Wearing a face mask can be a lifesaver. Many sights like the Genocide Museum and Centre in Phnom Penh follow a very strict dress code for visitors. This is done as a mark of respect to the victims of genocide. The same strict rules apply to the Royal Palace, too. I've written my top 10 takeaways from my Cambodia trip in a blog post, pasting the link for your reference https://www.journeys2memories.com/post/top-10-takeaways-from-my-cambodia-trip We had 3 days in Phnom Penh, and these are the Top 10 things to do in Phnom Penh.. #1 Royal Palace of Cambodia The Royal Palace oozes grandeur and excellent craftsmanship. Read more about this amazing structure by clicking on the link below https://www.journeys2memories.com/post/a-visit-to-the-royal-palace-of-cambodia #2 Silver Pagoda On the south side of the Royal Palace is the Silver Pagoda, considered to be a masterpiece built by King Norodom in 1892 and rebuilt in 1962. In front of the Pagoda is a beautiful miniature replica of the famous Angkor Wat. (see picture below) It has earned the name Silver Pagoda owing to its stunning silver-tiled floor made of over 5 tonnes of shining silver, although you can see only a part of it since most of it is covered by a carpet. The most striking feature of the pagoda is the Emerald Buddha, a beautiful crystal sculpture, perched on a high gilded pedestal in the center of this grand pagoda. The opulent interiors include many stunning solid gold idols of Buddha studded with diamonds and precious stones, old relics and traditional masks. My Tip - The Silver Pagoda is a must-see attraction in Cambodia, reflecting the rich cultural heritage of the Khmer civilisation. Please note that the entrance to the pagoda is from the side; there are two beautiful white-coloured Stupas on both sides of the Silver Pagoda that will instantly catch your attention. The pagoda is a beautiful, large edifice as shown in the picture above. You will be expected to take off your shoes before entering to maintain the serene decorum of the place. Photography is strictly prohibited inside. As you can see, even the video I shot outside has only a fleeting shot of the entrance of the pagoda. #3 Choeung Ek Genocidal Centre The Choeung Ek Genocidal Centre, one of the many 'Killing Fields', is a place where the Khmer Rouge regime slaughtered over a million innocent Cambodians under their infamous leader, Pol Pot. I've written in detail about the centre in the link below https://www.journeys2memories.com/post/choeung-ek-genocidal-centre-and-tuol-sleng-genocide-museum-in-phnom-penh #4 Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum The Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum is built at the site of a former secondary school, which was converted into Security Prison 21 under the Khmer Rouge regime. Please follow the link pasted above for more details about the museum https://www.journeys2memories.com/post/choeung-ek-genocidal-centre-and-tuol-sleng-genocide-museum-in-phnom-penh #5 Mekong River Cruise Phnom Penh lies on the confluence of the Rivers Mekong and Tonle Sap. A 2-hour cruise on the river will take you along the beautiful city skyline. There are options available for dinner cruises, sunset cruises, with dinner and drinks, and without. That is to say, tourists are spoiled for choice! Since there is a plethora of cruise options, the prices also vary significantly. An evening cruise can cost anywhere from USD 20 to USD 80, with additional costs ranging up to USD 200, depending on the add-ons. My Tip - We opted for a 2-hour evening cruise. It was a lot of fun, and the staff were extremely polite. They had organised a small live music show with traditional Cambodian melodies and dance. The food was also delicious and served with a lot of warmth. My verdict is that if you have spare time, go for it to spend a lively evening along the riverfront. #6 National Museum of Cambodia If your visit to Angkor Wat has sparked your curiosity about Cambodian heritage, consider visiting the National Museum of Cambodia in Phnom Penh. The museum has the largest collection of historical and archaeological artefacts in Cambodia that showcase the artistic brilliance of the Khmer rulers. The imposing outer façade of this beautiful structure, featuring an earthy red terracotta roof and red sandstone pillars, can be spotted from a distance. Lord Vishnu in a reclining pose Located in Chey Chumneas, very close to the Royal Palace, the museum houses an impressive collection of Khmer sculptures from the Angkor and pre-Angkor eras. My Tip - Entry fee to the museum is USD 10.00, which can be paid only in cash. Keep aside at least an hour and a half to see the entire museum. It is wheelchair friendly since most of its collection is on the same floor, divided into sections. There is a beautiful green compound in the centre of the museum with a small cafeteria for refreshments, which is a good place to relax. There is no air conditioning anywhere and it can get very hot in the afternoon. However, this is a good time to explore the museum, as it is not crowded at all. Also, the museum is relatively small. There were no audio guides available, which was a downside, although there were plaques with information about the collections. My word is don't come to this museum expecting a swanky hi-tech venue, it's a simple place with great collectibles that, in a way, reflect the simplicity of the people of Cambodia. If you wish to explore more about the myriad collections of artefacts in the museum, please refer to the official website https://www.cambodiamuseum.info/ #7 Sisowath Riverside Park The Sisowath Riverside Park is a good way to spend a lazy evening strolling along the riverfront. You'll see roadside vendors selling coconut water and flowers. #8 Independence Monument This beautiful lotus-shaped stupa stands in the heart of Phnom Penh at the intersection of Norodom and Sihanouk Boulevard. It was built in 1958 to mark the independence of Cambodia from France in 1953. #9 Statue of His Majesty Preah Bat Samdech Preah Norodom Sihanouk Also called the Statue of the King Father Norodom Sihanouk, it is located in a Memorial Park, very close to the Independence Monument. The statue is relatively new, built only in 2013. #10 Wat Phnom Daun Penh Wat Phnom is also known as the Mountain Pagoda, and it is the most important Buddhist temple in Phnom Penh. The temple was built in 1372 on a small hill, and a broad staircase leads up to a small temple on the lower floor. On top of the hill is a big statue of Buddha. My Tip - A visit to the temple will give you very interesting insights into the Cambodian culture and their religious traditions, since this is an active place of worship. We saw a couple making offerings of meat chunks and eggs to 3 lion statues at the entrance of the temple. These lions, I later learnt, are considered to be the guardians of the temple who watch over it and ward off evil spirits. The offerings people keep in front of the lions are primarily for the temple. To sum it up, Phnom Penh is a city that serves Cambodian culture and history on a platter, all one has to do is lap it up!! Before coming to Phnom Penh, we'd spent 3 rocking days in Siem Reap, seeing the magnificent Angkor Wat. Learn more by clicking here https://www.journeys2memories.com/post/unlock-the-magic-of-siem-reap-cambodia-top-10-not-to-miss-attractions

The Royal Palace of Cambodia in Phnom Penh is a perfect example of classic Khmer architecture. The palace was built by King Norodom in 1866 and then rebuilt between 1912 and 1932. Located on the confluence of the Rivers Tonle Sap and Mekong, the palace, with its tall golden spires, gilded roof tops that shimmer in the bright Cambodian sun, and delightfully ornate interiors, creates a mesmerising visual treat. It is the official residence of the King of Cambodia. Despite the opulence and grandeur of the palace, there is a calm serenity in the air that is very refreshing. King Norodom Sihamoni is believed to be a quiet king who strictly adheres to Buddhist principles. It's this austerity that gets reflected in the overall ambience of the palace. A few things to remember before visiting the palace The palace is open to the public on all days from 8:00 am to 11:00 am and from 2:00 pm to 5:00 pm. Since it is the official residence of the King of Cambodia, the palace is closed to the public for official ceremonies. Please check their official website before planning your visit. Being the official residence of the king, tourists are allowed to visit only the Throne Hall and the Silver Pagoda. King's private living quarters are out of bounds for the public. The entry ticket to the palace is 10.00 USD for all foreign nationals. There's a lot of history that precedes the palace, so hiring a local guide is a good idea. Charges for the guide are 10.00 USD for a conducted tour of the Throne Hall, the Armoury or the Museum, Pavilion of Napoleon III, and the Silver Pagoda with its famous Emerald Buddha, which lies on the same premises across the gated complex. As I've mentioned in my earlier Cambodia blogs, please dress modestly for your palace visit, covering your shoulders and knees. This signage at the entrance to the palace says it all... This is the venerated Throne Hall where official ceremonies like coronations and other royal occasions are celebrated. I saw some locals bowing in front of the throne where the king presides, even though the king was not in the palace at that time. Photography of the Throne Hall is strictly prohibited; tourists trying to click pictures, even from the outside, are looked at with a lot of disdain, so all I could click was this picture and a small video. To sum up, I'd say the Royal Palace should be top of your must-see attractions in Phnom Penh, you will not only get to see a gloriously ornate edifice but will also get a glimpse into the Cambodian culture and Khmer architecture.

A visit to the Choeung Ek Genocidal Centre and Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum in Phnom Penh, famously known as the Killing Fields, is an unsettling experience, to say the least. Unsettling, because it brings to the fore the vulnerability and fragility of the political systems we live in and take so much for granted. The fact that one man, a political despot, Pol Pot , could steer a civil revolution to the point where almost three million innocent Cambodians were killed mercilessly by their own people within a span of four years, from 1975 to 1979, is baffling. The external link that I've pasted above will give you an insight into the ideology that went into this movement, although no ideology can justify the brutality that was meted out to the Cambodian people, including young children and infants. Choeung Ek Genocidal Centre....These pictures below speak for themselves After spending about an hour at the Genocide Centre, we headed to the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum. Also known as Security Prison 21 under the infamous Khmer Rouge regime, this was a secondary school which got converted into an interrogation and detention centre. The regime followed a policy of guilt-by-association, so entire families of suspects were held hostage here, including young children. At the time of the downfall of the Khmer Rouge regime, four children from this facility made it out alive. On your visit, you can meet three of those four survivors, interact with them and read their heart-rending memoirs in the books they've written about their ordeals at the detention centre. We learnt from our guide that these survivors come to the centre every day to share their haunting memories and let the world know what happened in Cambodia under the Khmer Rouge regime. I'd like to share 5 important tips for your visit to these sites Opt for a conducted tour Although you can visit the centre on your own, to truly comprehend the nature and extent of this mindless massacre, a local guide is required. Most travel platforms offer half-day tours to both of these sites, costing between USD 20.00 to USD 25.00 per person for a 4-hour round trip. In case you do not opt for a tour, then an audio guide is available for information about the exhibits. Mind your dress code The mood around the Genocide Centre and the Museum is very sombre. Visitors are expected to behave and dress appropriately, with shoulders and knees covered. If you are wearing something that doesn't adhere to the dress code, you can rent scarves and sarongs from the ticket counter for a nominal fee. Some of the sites are ghastly and unsettling, as I've mentioned earlier. If you're overtly sensitive, then please use your discretion before visiting. The museum has issued an age recommendation for visitors, as per the advisory, exhibits are inappropriate for visitors aged less than 14 years. Photography at the sites is allowed, but visitors are expected to do so with sensitivity and maintain decorum. Some pics from the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum The atmosphere, both at the Genocide Centre and the Museum, is very grim. The moans of the innocent victims of this genocide have died down, but the pain of human suffering still hangs in the air, along with the human spirit that refuses to die down, even in the face of such extreme violence.

A trip to the central European country of Hungary's capital Budapest is a treat for the senses. Before our trip in July 2023, I'd read many good things about Budapest. Still, nothing could have prepared me for the sensory overload of awe-inspiring architectural marvels we saw on this trip. The city is a kaleidoscope of Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque Revival and Romanesque architecture with some buildings dating back to the 13th century. Also, the entire town is decorated with statues of kings, martyrs, poets and heroes, even anti-heroes from the Communist era! Little wonder then that Budapest is considered a hot tourist spot for Europeans who flock to this land-locked land from neighbouring countries and international tourists alike. Here are a few handy pointers for your visit to Budapest, Hungary Budapest is rated as one of the most beautiful cities in the world. Adding to the zing of the city is the River Danube that bisects the city into 2, Buda, the hilly district and Pest, the flat plain land. The Hungarian capital is safe for tourists and most people dealing with tourists speak English. The official currency is Forint. Please remember to exchange the currency you carry only at authorised exchange centres. Hungary is world-renowned for its rich thermal and mineral water resources. While in Budapest, don't forget to indulge yourself in a hot thermal bath. There are many options available. I have written a detailed blog on our thermal bath experience in Budapest. The Hungarian Parliament is a gem that has to be seen. It's rated as the 10th most popular landmark in the world according to TripAdvisor's travellers. I can tell you, it'll leave you wonder-struck for sure! Budapest is very well connected with trams and metro lines. Tram Line 2 is the famous Yellow Line in Budapest that goes past many scenic landmarks. Just hop on the tram and gape at the sights from the tram while resting your feet! Buying the Budapest Card is a good idea if you wish to cover lots of museums, as it offers free or discounted ticket rates to over 100 attractions, plus it will cover all modes of travel within the city on public transport. You can also buy a Travel Pass for 1 day, 3 days, or weekly, which will give you access to all modes of public transport. Check their official website for more details https://www.budapestinfo.hu/en Remember to validate your tickets as you start your journey. Ticket checks are done very frequently, and there is a heavy fine for carrying unvalidated tickets. Many attractions lie within walking distance of the Hungarian Parliament, so you may want to plan to see all these on the same day. I have given some walking tips for each of these attractions below. We had 5 days in Budapest, so there was ample time to wander around and enjoy these sights. But if you have less time on hand, then you may start from the top of this list and try to cover as many attractions as time permits. Now let's start with what to do and see in Budapest with my personal 15 Must-See Attractions list... Budapest's Castle District Visiting the Buda Castle can be a delight for the senses. It lies on the Buda side of the city facing the Hungarian Parliament on the opposite side of the River Danube. Read more about this amazing landmark in the heart of Budapest by clicking on the link below https://www.journeys2memories.com/post/a-tour-of-budapest-s-castle-district Hungarian Parliament Building As per Trip Advisor's Travellers, the Hungarian Parliament is the 10th most popular landmark in the world! This stupendous building is located on the banks of the River Danube on the Pest side of Budapest. Read more about it by clicking on the link below https://www.journeys2memories.com/post/everything-you-need-to-know-before-touring-the-hungarian-parliament-building-in-budapest Shoes on the Danube Walk about 300 meters south of the Hungarian Parliament to reach this memorial on the bank of the Danube. It was erected in 2005 as a poignant reminder of the Jews who were shot by the Arrow Cross Party, an anti-semitic organisation supported by Hilter and thrown into the water during World War II. There are 60 pairs of metallic shoes, including some for women and even children, strewn on the edge of the river bank to mark the site. The area wears a veil of sadness amid all the revelry around the river. Sźechenyi Chain Bridge Straddling the banks of the River Danube on the west side of Buda and the east side of Pest, the beautiful Sźechenyi Chain Bridge is one of the most visited landmarks of Budapest. The bridge was inaugurated in 1849 and was the first permanent stone bridge connecting the two parts Buda and Pest at the time. You will have to walk for about 15 minutes from the Hungarian Parliament Building, along the River Danube, to reach the Chain Bridge on the Pest side. The bridge with its iconic towers has been featured in many prominent movies, so looking at it from a distance gives a very familiar feeling. You can see so many people walking on the side rails on both sides of the bridge. Liberty Bridge Walk for about 30 minutes from the Chain Bridge on the Pest side of the city along the river southwards to reach this beautiful green-coloured bridge running over the River Danube. The bridge lies approximately 2 kilometres away parallel to the famous Chain Bridge and is as beautiful. St. Stephen's Basilica Just a 15-minute walk away from the Hungarian Parliament Building is the magnificent structure of St. Stephen's Basilica. If you're not up for walking, then you can also take Tram line 2. The Basilica is considered the most sacred Catholic church in Hungary named after Stephen, the first King of Hungary. Now, the most important relic held by the church is the mummified hand of King Stephen. Interestingly, the elevation of the church is equal to that of the Hungarian Parliament. I believe this is symbolic to establish the equal status of both the church and the state of Hungary. Entry to the church is free but you have to buy a ticket if you wish to see the dome. My Tip - We did not buy the ticket to see the dome because, one we had less time and two, there are 364 spiral steps to climb to the top. There is an elevator too but at the time of our visit, the place was quite crowded with a long queue. There is a very nice square outside the church with some great places to sit and relax. Heroes Square Very close to St. Stephen's Basilica is the famous landmark of Budapest, Heroes Square, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Heroes Square is to Budapest what Arc de Triomphe is to Paris! In the centre of the square is a tall column called the Millenium Monument which was erected in 1896 to commemorate 1000 years of the formation of the Hungarian Nation hence the name. On top of the column is the statue of Archangel Gabriel holding the crown of St. Stephen, the first king of Hungary. The lower end of the column is encircled by stunning equestrian statues of the chieftains of the seven Hungarian tribes. On both sides of the column, you will see two colonnades with lifesize statues of several prominent Hungarian leaders. My Tip - This stunning monument is a celebration of Hungary as a nation. Located at the far end of Andrassy Avenue , it is a must-see attraction in Budapest. Andrassy Avenue is a World Heritage Site boulevard that connects Downtown Budapest with Varosliget or City Park. The 2-kilometre-long street is lined with buildings of varied architectural styles and gets wider as you keep walking towards Heroes Square. The Fine Arts Museum flanks Heroes Square on one end and the Mucsarnok Art Gallery on the other. If you have time, then walking towards Heroes Square from Andrassy Avenue can be quite an enthralling experience. Sźechenyi Thermal Baths Budapest is called the City of Baths as it's blessed with natural hot springs loaded with medicinal qualities. While in Budapest, a visit to these baths can be an invigorating experience, literally! Read more about our amazing day out at the Sźechenyi Thermal Baths by clicking here https://www.journeys2memories.com/post/a-day-at-sźechenyi-thermal-baths-budapest Ruin pubs Budapest - Szimpla Kert Before visiting Budapest, I thought that 'ruin pubs' was just a cool name for pubs in the city. But interestingly, 'ruin pubs' are pubs that are located in actual old ruins! Read more about this rocking pub culture in Budapest by clicking on the link below https://www.journeys2memories.com/post/an-evening-at-szimpla-kert-the-rocking-ruin-pub-in-budapest Gellert Hill Named after the first Bishop of Hungary, Saint Gerard or Gellert in Hungarian, Gellert Hill is the everlasting symbol of Budapest. It is visible from many places around the Castle District and also very clearly from the Liberty Bridge. Gellert Hill is the site of the famous fortress, called Citadella in the local language and its iconic Statue of Liberty. The statue was erected in 1947 to celebrate Hungary's freedom from Russia in World War II which also ended Hungary's occupation by Nazi Germany. The Liberty Monument shows a lady carrying a palm frond in her two outstretched arms to proclaim peace and freedom for Hungary. My Tip - Citadella Bus number 27 will take you right to the top of the hill. I don't remember the name of the bus stop, I'm afraid, but you'll see many tourists getting down there, also the bus driver will tip you off. If you're up for a good hike, then you can also walk for 20 to 25 minutes to reach the hilltop. The hike is very steep but it can also be a lot of fun as you catch beautiful scenic views of the city along the way. On the way back, you can walk down towards the Liberty Bridge. The Citadella was closed for renovations in July 2023. But we still got beautiful views of the city and the Danube River from the top. Dohány Street Synagogue Located in the Jewish Quarter of Pest, this Great Synagogue of Budapest is the largest in Europe. The complex has 4 main attractions, the Heroes' Temple, Cemetery, Jewish Museum and Memorial. The striking outer facade of the synagogue is a fine example of Moorish architecture. My Tip - The synagogue is very conveniently located very close to Elizabeth Square . One can visit the complex only through a conducted tour. The place is massively crowded, so making bookings beforehand is a good idea if you wish to see it from the inside. We did not have a pre-booked tour, we had to contend with looking at the synagogue from the outside only. There are many tour options available. Please refer to their official website before your visit at https://www.greatsynagogue.hu/gallery_syn.html . Memento Park A half-day trip to this park from Budapest will take you on a lesson in history on the rise and fall of the communist regime in Hungary. Click on the link below to learn more about this unique cultural attraction https://www.journeys2memories.com/post/half-day-trip-to-memento-park-a-communist-era-remnant-in-budapest Ferris Wheel Budapest at Elizabeth Square About a 10-minute walk away from Dohany Street Synagogue and very close to the Deak Ferenc Station, you will see the huge circle of the Ferris Wheel at Elizabeth Square. The square has shops, eateries and some grassy patches that come alive in the evenings. My Tip - The ticket price for the Ferris Wheel is 11 EUR for adults for a 10-minute ride. Undoubtedly, one gets beautiful views of the city from the top of the wheel, but then you get these scenic views from so many other places as well. I found the ticket price a bit steep and not value for money. View from the top ... Margitsziget, Margaret Island in the Danube This beautiful patch of verdant greens lies in the Danube River between Buda and Pest. The park has many attractions to see and lots of things to do. You can rent a 3-wheeler bike which is an absolutely fun thing to do and go around the park. There is a Water Tower which one can climb for a small fee for beautiful vistas all around. The park also houses Palatinus Strand, a thermal bath pool that Budapest is so well known for. You can also visit the Rose Garden and the Japanese Garden. The highlight of the park is the Musical Fountain. The fountain is lit every evening and plays a melody 3 to 4 times a day. My Tip - We went to the island by taking the tram line 4. Entry to the park is free and it's always open. But the best time to go is during the afternoon and wait for the musical fountain to be lit up. The water tower was closed on the day we went. You can refer to the official website of the park for more info before your trip at http://margaretislandbudapest.com/ . Cruise on the Danube River The River Danube bisects the city of Budapest into two parts, Buda and Pest. Buda side has the famous Buda Castle District and right opposite on the other bank of the river is the Hungarian Parliament. The river cruises ferry tourists along the length of the river between the two famous bridges, the Chain Bridge and the Liberty Bridge. A lot of companies offer cruise services and tickets are easily available online. My Tip - We had booked a Budapest Evening Cruise via getyourguide.com . It lasted for 2 hours and included a free welcome drink on board. There were packages for drinks with dinner as well. In my honest opinion, the cruise was okay, nothing spectacular because cruises confine themselves to the length of the river between the 2 bridges as I've mentioned earlier. There are a whole lot of commercial office buildings to be seen once the boat goes past the parliament building and the Castle District. Apart from these Top 15 Attractions, you can also visit - Vajdahunyad Castle This castle was built only about 100 years back in the year 1896 for the Millennial Celebration of the State of Hungary. The castle is located in the City Park very close to Heroes Square. We did not go inside the castle for lack of time. We spent some time in the park around the castle which is very beautiful. Central Market Hall The Central Market Hall of Budapest is a great place to be where you can eat, buy fresh groceries, taste authentic Hungarian dishes, buy trinkets and spend time loitering around. The market hall opens weekdays at 6 am and closes at 6 pm on most days. It's closed on Sundays. The closing hours alter between days of the week, please check the timings before your visit. Hungarian State Opera The beautiful Renaissance and Baroque building of the Hungarian State Opera lies on Andrassy Avenue in Central Budapest. The structure is very beautiful. You can take a guided tour of the opera or see one of the performances. This is all of Budapest for you. After having spent 5 days in the Hungarian capital, I can say that it's undoubtedly one of the most alluring cities in all of Europe.

Prague, the capital city of the Czech Republic beckons visitors from all over the world with its world-class infrastructure and stunning medieval architecture. It's rightly called the City of 100 Spires.....no where else in the world will you find such an eclectic mix of old Gothic cathedrals, Baroque palaces and Romanesque chapels all standing in sync with the Art Nouveau structures, rendering the city its famous skyline full of spires. Some quick tips on Prague for you .... 1. First things first! Toilets throughout Prague and the entire country of Czech charge for use, so keep aside 10 or even 15 CZK for that, except in dine-in restaurants where they are free. In some places, only cash is accepted, no credit cards are welcome. 2. Prague is a medieval paradise waiting to be explored. But mind you, the best way to do it is on foot since Prague is well connected by buses and trams. So, be prepared to walk on and on, looking at artwork at every nook and corner of the city. 3. Prague is a compact city. So, when you're in one part of the city, you can see all the attractions in one go. I have divided the attractions in Prague not on day-based itineraries but rather based on their location because once you reach a particular point, it's best that you cover that entire area on a single trip to save time and money. 4. While researching Prague before our trip, I repeatedly came across these three terms, Old Town, New Town and Lesser Town. When visiting Prague, I realised that moving around is easier if you know which is where along with their Czech names. 5. So, let me start by putting things in order. Prague is divided into 4 Quarters- - Castle Quarter - Little Quarter - Old Town and - New Town. I have elaborated on each of these quarters in separate blogs with links pasted for each one for easy reading. 6. While in Prague don't miss the Naplavka Waterfront on the river the Vltava River, as it meanders its way through the heart of the city with beautiful bridges like the iconic Charles Bridge offering amazing vistas of the city. 7. You must try Trdelink, the yummy dough pastry that has its origins in Romania. It's filled with ice cream....you cannot leave Prague without tasting it! 8. Prague has a lot to see and experience, so an ideal vacation should last about 3 days. More days are always a bonus. 9. Also , visiting the city on a weekend in summer can be great, if possible, because a lot many art festivals are held around the city squares over the weekends in summer. Dancers from neighbouring countries of Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Slovenia and more dress up in their traditional costumes and perform live on stage. The performances are a treat to watch! We were greeted with one such performance the moment we reached the city. 10. Prague is tourist-friendly. A lot of travel options are available, like the Prague Travel Card that you can buy for 48 and 72 hours or more. Prague Cool Pass also allows you unlimited travel on all kinds of public transport with entries to many attractions included. Please refer to the Prague Tourism Official Site for more info https://www.prague.eu/en If you're reaching Prague by train, then your sightseeing will start from the Railway Station itself! There is so much to do and see in Prague that despite my best efforts, this blog about Prague attractions is the longest I've ever written! It was running into six pages I last checked, so, I've divided this narrative into many parts for easy reading. We had 6 nights in Prague. I know that sounds like a lot but believe me, we spent each day doing something new. We had planned two one-day trips from Prague and an evening at the World's oldest Black Light Theater of Czech. You can click on the links below to read more about these here - Day trip to Bohemian Switzerland , the largest natural arch in Europe. Click on the link below to read more about this natural mountainous paradise and tips on how to get there from Prague - https://www.journeys2memories.com/post/day-trip-to-bohemian-switzerland-from-prague Day trip to Kutna Hora , the famous Bone Chapel. Click on the link below to find out more about this iconic chapel - https://www.journeys2memories.com/post/day-trip-from-prague-to-kutna-hora-a-medieval-unesco-world-heritage-site An evening at the World's oldest Black Light Theater of Jiri Srnec in the erstwhile Czechoslovakia. Click on the link below to read more about this amazing experience - https://www.journeys2memories.com/post/an-evening-at-the-world-s-oldest-black-light-theatre-of-jiri-srnec-a-czech-speciality I have listed 41 attractions in all......phew! 41 sounds like a formidable number of things to see but most of them in one part of the city, are quite close to each other and can be easily covered on foot. Also, I have tried to give you input about the attraction and whether making an effort to see it is worth your time. As I've stated earlier, they are divided area-wise. 1. Castle Quarter - Prazsky hrad - Prague Castle Complex 6 sights to see in the Castle Quarter a. Old Royal Palace b. St. Vitus Cathedral c. St. George's Basilica d. Lobkowicz Palace e. Golden Lane f. Permanent Exhibitions of Prague Castle Click on the link below to learn more about the largest ancient castle complex in the world https://www.journeys2memories.com/post/a-visit-to-prague-castle-the-pride-of-prague 2. Little Quarter - Mala Strana - Lesser Town 15 sights to see in Mala Strana a. Charles Bridge b. St. Nicholas Church c. Lesser Town Square d. Old Town and Lesser Town Bridge Tower e. Petrin Hill f. Memorial to the victims of Communism g. Petrin Tower h. Lennon Wall i. Devil's Channel and Water Mill j. Kampa Island k. Kampa Museum l. Giant Crawling babies m. Kinsky Garden n. Narrowest street in Prague o. Franz Kafka Museum Click on the link below to learn more about Mala Strana, the medieval touristy part of Prague https://www.journeys2memories.com/post/a-day-in-the-little-quarter-or-lesser-town-prague 3. Old Town - Staré Město pražské 10 sights to see in Old Town Prague a. Staromestske Namesti, Old Town Hall Square b. Old Town Hall and Astronomical Clock c. Church of our Lady before Tyn d. St. Nicholas Church e. Kinsky Palace f. Jan Hus Monument g. Prague Meridien h. Jewish Quarter i. Spanish Synagogue and Jewish Museum j. Powder Gate and Obecni Dum, Prague Concert Hall Take a walk in the stunning Old Town of modern Prague and relive history in its architectural marvels. Click on the link below to learn more https://www.journeys2memories.com/post/prague-old-town-staré-město-pražské 4. New Town - Nove Mesto 6 sights to look out for in New Town Prague a. Wenceslas Square b. Statue of St. Wenceslas c. National Museum d. Dancing House e. Rotating Head of Franz Kafka f. Prague National Theatre Opera Click on the link below to learn more about New Town Prague https://www.journeys2memories.com/post/a-day-trip-to-new-town-nove-mesto-prague 5. Vyšehrad Castle and Cemetery The splendid castle of Vyšehrad is an oasis of calm amidst the busy touristy Prague. Click on the link below to learn more https://www.journeys2memories.com/post/a-tour-of-the-splendid-vyšehrad-fortress-from-prague 6. Letna Park If you're tired after a day full of watching touristy sights all over Prague, then head to Letna Park on Letna Hill. You will get glorious views of the Vltava River from here. Access to the park is free. You just have to walk for about 15 minutes from the Old Town Square over Charles Bridge. 7. Naplavka Waterfront on Vltava River This waterfront is the most popular site for taking pictures of the iconic Charles Bridge. There are bars and restaurants along the river. Even if you have just a day in Prague, plan to spend the evening along the Naplavka Waterfront. The whole city comes alive here in the evening in the backdrop of a beautifully lit Charles Bridge. 8. Zizkov TV Tower with crawling babies Zizkov TV Tower is a transmission tower in Prague located in the Zizkov District of Prague, 2 kilometres away. Who goes to see a TV Tower in the centre of a city? Well, this tower is special because it has these giant crawling babies sticking out from its sides. We had seen similar grotesque-looking babies in Prague Lesser Town too, if you remember. I'd read somewhere that the babies represented stunted growth in the communist era, babies crawling but unable to reach adulthood. The tower is a high-tech engineering marvel, 216 metres tall with an observatory, a hotel and a restaurant along its vertical column. My Tip - The tower is nothing spectacular to look at; on the contrary, it looks grim and out of place in an otherwise beautiful city unless you decide to go to the top to see Prague's skyline. But then there are far better ways to see that skyline, from the Vysehrad Castle, for instance. Also, locating the tower was a nightmare. You can start seeing its metallic pillars jutting out into the sky from a long way off, but getting to the base of the tower was quite a task. No signage or indications were leading to the tower. I would not rate this as a must-see attraction in Prague. But this is my opinion solely as a tourist. I believe that this TV tower holds a very special place for the people of the Czech Republic since it's a symbol of the communist regime and the hardships that came with it. I'd like to mention here that I do not wish to undermine the significance of this tower. So, that's Prague for you. To learn all about this beautiful city, just keep clicking on the links pasted above and take a virtual tour of the city with me right here! Do share your experiences with me if you happen to visit Prague and also if you found this blog useful. And if you're interested in getting some practical and useful travel tips, click here